Entrepreneurship & Innovation

Today you don't
study entrepreneurship.
You do it.

Your job is simple: find a real problem, understand it deeply, generate ideas to fix it, and show your work.

⏱ 3 hours
👥 Team of 2–5
🎯 1 problem + ideas
🏆 Deliverable at the end
Scroll to start
Ground rules

Three things to keep in mind

🚫

No solutions yet

For the first half of the workshop, your only job is to understand the problem. Resist the urge to fix things too early.

😤

Real problems only

Everything should come from your actual life — things you've experienced, not things you've imagined.

💩

Bad ideas welcome

During ideation, the worse the idea the better. Being "wrong" is the point — it unlocks the good stuff.

Trust the clock

When time is up, move on — even mid-sentence. The constraint is part of the exercise.

🙋

Everyone contributes

No passengers. If someone on your team hasn't spoken in a while, it's everyone's job to ask them.

📵

Be present

Put the phone down during sprints. Distraction is a creativity killer — 3 hours of real focus is worth it.


Phase 1  ·  Hook & Discovery

Find a problem
worth solving.

The goal of this phase is to surface a real, specific problem from your own life or community — not an invented one. You'll end the phase committed to exactly one problem your team will work on for the rest of the day.

⏱ 0:00 – 0:45 45 min
📄 Exercise materials for this phase
🧠
The right mindset for this phase
How to think

You are not an inventor yet — you are an observer. Your job is to notice friction, frustration, and broken experiences in everyday life. The best entrepreneurial problems are hiding in plain sight: things everyone has experienced but nobody has fixed.

Don't try to find a "big" problem. Start with something small and specific. Small problems that affect many people are far more powerful than vague global ones.

Questions to guide your discovery
Ask yourself and your team
What frustrated me in the last 7 days — even small things?
What do I or people I know complain about repeatedly?
What tasks take far longer than they should?
Where do I feel powerless, confused, or let down by a system?
Which of our team's problems feels most universal — most people have felt it?
🔒
Committing to your problem
Before moving to Phase 2

Choose one problem and write it as a clear, specific statement. A good problem statement names a real person, a specific situation, a root barrier, and a consequence.

📋
Problem statement format [WHO] struggles to [DO WHAT] because [ROOT BARRIER], which causes [CONSEQUENCE].
⚠️ Watch out: if you can't name a real person who suffers from this, your problem is probably too abstract. Make it more specific before moving on.
🆚
Good problem vs. bad problem
Learn to tell the difference

Most first attempts produce a category, not a problem. Here is the difference:

"Mental health is a problem for students." — Too broad. No one person, no specific barrier, no clear consequence.
"Food is expensive." — True for everyone, actionable by no one. Lacks a specific user and situation.
"First-year students who don't speak the local language can't ask for help when they're sick because there's no translation support at the campus clinic." — Specific person, specific situation, specific barrier, real consequence.
"Students who skip breakfast because the cafeteria opens too late arrive to 9am lectures unable to concentrate for the first hour." — Real, specific, named barrier, measurable consequence.

Rule of thumb: if your problem statement could describe the entire world population, it's too broad. If you can picture one specific person experiencing it, you're getting close.

⚖️
Choosing between two problems
When your team can't agree

If your team has two candidate problems and can't agree, ask these three tiebreaker questions — give each problem a score of 1–3 for each:

1 Frequency: How often does this problem happen — daily, weekly, occasionally?
2 Pain intensity: When it happens, how bad is it — mild annoyance, major disruption, or a genuine crisis?
3 Your insight: Does your team have some personal experience or knowledge about this problem that others don't?

Pick the higher-scoring problem. The last question matters most — your team's insider perspective is an advantage that generic groups don't have.


Phase 2  ·  Problem Deepening

Understand it
at root level.

Most teams stop at the symptom. This phase is about going deeper — finding the real cause of the problem and understanding who it affects most. The better you understand the problem, the better your ideas will be in Phase 3.

⏱ 0:45 – 1:15 30 min
🧠
The right mindset for this phase
How to think

You are a detective now. Your job is to be sceptical of the problem as you first stated it. What you named in Phase 1 is probably still a symptom. Underneath it is a cause — and underneath that is probably another cause. The interesting level is usually 4–5 layers deep.

Resist the urge to start generating solutions. Every minute you spend here makes your ideas in Phase 3 sharper and more likely to actually work.

🔍
Drill down to the root cause
The depth exercise

Use the tool your facilitator provides to keep asking "why?" until you can't go further. The goal is to find the underlying reason the problem exists — not just describe that it does.

Why does this problem happen in the first place?
Why hasn't it been fixed already? What's in the way?
Is this a structural problem (system/incentive) or a behavioural one (habit/choice)?
What would need to be true for this problem to disappear on its own?
👥
Map who else is affected
The stakeholder exercise

Your problem rarely affects only one type of person. Use the tool your facilitator provides to map the different people touched by this problem, how it shows up in their lives, and how severely they feel it.

Who experiences this problem most directly?
Who experiences it indirectly — further downstream?
Who currently tries to solve it (and fails)?
If you could only help one person on your map, who would it be and why?
🎯
End of Phase 2 — you should have A root cause (not just a symptom), and a clear primary user — the person whose pain you are primarily solving for.
🔬
The 5 Whys in action
A worked example

Here is what the depth exercise looks like when done properly. Follow this pattern with your own problem:

Start Problem: "Students arrive late to morning lectures."
Why 1 Because the last bus arrives at 9:05 and the lecture starts at 9:00.
Why 2 Because the bus schedule hasn't been updated to match the university timetable.
Why 3 Because the bus company and university don't share planning data — they operate independently.
Why 4 Because there is no contractual relationship requiring coordination — it's assumed the other side will adapt.
Root Real problem: Missing coordination infrastructure between two institutions that share users but not systems. That's what a solution needs to fix.

Notice: a solution aimed at "students arriving late" might be a reminder app. A solution aimed at the root cause might be a shared planning API, a coordination committee, or a redesigned timetable. Far more powerful.

🛑
How to know when you're deep enough
Three signs you've found the root
1 You can't ask "why" again — the next answer would be "that's just how the world works" or "human nature." You've hit bedrock.
2 The answer is structural or systemic — it's about an incentive, a missing connection, a broken process, or a power imbalance — not a symptom.
3 A solution at this level would actually prevent the problem — not just manage it after it happens.
⚠️ Warning: if your root cause is "people are lazy" or "no one cares," you haven't gone deep enough. These are judgements, not causes. Ask why the incentive isn't there.

🌍 Field Sprint

Go out. Talk to real people.
Let reality surprise you.

Before you generate solutions, you're going outside to test your assumptions against reality. You will talk to 1–2 real people about your problem — not to pitch, not to explain, just to listen. This is one of the highest-leverage activities in any design process.

⏱ 1:15 – 1:45 30 min
🧭
Mindset
Be a researcher, not a salesperson

Your job outside is to be curious, not convincing. Do not explain your idea. Do not pitch your solution. Do not look for people to agree with you. Your only job is to understand how real people experience the problem you identified — in their own words, not yours.

The most useful thing you can hear is something that surprises you or contradicts what you assumed. That's not failure — that's the point.

🎤
Your 3 Questions
Ask these. In this order. Let them talk.
1 "Have you ever experienced [your problem]? Tell me about a time."
2 "What do you currently do about it? How do you work around it?"
3 "What would make this easier for you? What would the ideal situation look like?"

After each answer: nod, stay quiet for 3 seconds, and let them keep going. The best insights come after the first answer. One person asks. One person takes notes.

🗣️
How to actually do the conversation
Body language, probes, and note-taking

Opening line — always start with this: "Hi, sorry to interrupt — we're students doing a quick research exercise. It'll take 3 minutes. Could I ask you two questions about [topic]?" Most people say yes to 3 minutes.

👁️ Eye contact + open posture. Face them squarely, don't cross your arms, and look interested — because you are.
⏸️ The pause technique. After they finish an answer, wait 3 full seconds before responding. Silence feels uncomfortable — they'll often fill it with the most honest thing they say.
🔄 The echo probe. Repeat the last 3 words of their answer as a question: "…no time to fix it?" / "…don't trust the system?" It's a magic trick — they always elaborate.
📝 Note-taking. Write their words verbatim — not your interpretation. "It drives me insane" is more useful than "user is frustrated." Quotes are evidence. Summaries are just your opinion.
🆘
Common scenarios + how to handle them
What to do when it doesn't go to plan
😐 "I don't have time." Say: "No problem at all — can I ask just one question in 60 seconds?" Almost everyone has 60 seconds. You'll get something.
🤷 "I've never experienced that." Say: "That's useful to know. Do you know anyone who has? What have you heard them say about it?" Second-hand stories still contain insight.
💬 They go totally off-topic. Wait for a natural pause, then gently redirect: "That's interesting — does that connect to [your topic] at all for you?"
🚀 They want to know your idea. Say: "We're still figuring that out — that's actually why your experience is so valuable to us." Do NOT tell them your idea.
🔁 No one cooperates. Interview a teammate as if they were the user. It still forces you to think from the outside in.
📋
Outputs + Warnings
What to bring back
End of Field Sprint — you should have: At least 3 verbatim quotes or paraphrases from your conversation. One insight that either confirmed, challenged, or reframed your problem statement. An updated (or newly confident) understanding of who your primary user really is.
⚠️
Warning: If no one was willing to talk, interview a teammate playing the role of the user. If your problem changed completely — that's fine. Update your problem statement before Phase 3 starts.

Phase 3  ·  Ideation

Generate more ideas
than you think you can.

Now you get to think about solutions — but the goal isn't to find one perfect idea. It's to generate as many ideas as possible, including terrible ones, before choosing the best. Volume first, quality later.

⏱ 1:45 – 2:25 40 min
🧠
The right mindset for this phase
How to think

Turn off your internal editor. The voice that says "that's stupid" or "that would never work" is your biggest enemy right now. Every idea gets written down — no exceptions, no apologies.

Your first ideas are the obvious ones — things you already knew before the workshop started. Push through them. The interesting ideas live on the other side of the obvious.

💥
Activity 1 — Worst Idea First
Team activity ⏱ 10 min

Your facilitator will run this as a timed competition. For 5 minutes, your team generates the most absurd, illegal, expensive, or ridiculous solutions to your problem you can think of. The worse, the better. Then for 5 minutes, you flip each bad idea: what's the kernel of a real idea hiding inside it?

The point is deliberate. Generating bad ideas first removes the pressure to be brilliant — and almost always unlocks better ideas than going straight for "serious" ones.

Questions to unlock new angles
When you feel stuck during any activity
What's the worst possible solution to this problem? Now flip it — what's the real idea inside?
How would a completely different industry solve this? (Gaming, hospitality, aviation, healthcare…)
What if you removed the most expensive part of the current solution?
What if this was ten times faster, cheaper, or simpler than anything that exists?
Who already solves a similar problem in a different context — what can you steal from them?
Choosing your best ideas
How to narrow down

Once you've generated as many ideas as possible, select 3–5 to carry forward. Give each one a short, punchy name — 2 to 4 words. Don't try to describe them fully yet.

Which ideas actually address the root cause you found in Phase 2?
Which ideas surprised you — you didn't expect to think of them?
Which ideas are specific enough to be testable?
💡
End of Phase 3 — you should have 3–5 named ideas, each connected to the root cause. Ready to put on your deliverable.
⚠️ Watch out: ideas that are too vague ("an app that solves it") are not ideas — they are categories. Push yourself to describe what the app actually does differently.
🔗
How to combine and mutate ideas
Going beyond your first instincts

Once you have 8–12 individual ideas, try these combination moves before you pick your favourites:

Merge: Take two ideas that seem unrelated and force them to work together. What would "Idea A + Idea B" look like as one solution?
🔀 Steal the mechanism: Take the core mechanism of an idea from a totally different industry and apply it to your problem. (How would Netflix solve this? How would a vending machine solve this?)
🔁 Reverse it: Instead of bringing the solution to the user, make the user come to the solution. Instead of solving the problem actively, prevent it from occurring. What does the reverse look like?
✂️ Subtract: Take an existing solution and remove its most complicated or expensive part. What's left? Is what's left still useful?

Often the strongest idea in the room comes from combining two mediocre ones, not from a single flash of genius.

🏆
What makes an idea worth keeping
A quick filter — not a full business case

You don't need a full business plan yet. At this stage, a good idea just needs to pass three quick tests:

Test 1 Does it actually address the root cause? If your idea makes the symptom more manageable but doesn't touch the root cause you found in Phase 2, it's a workaround — not a solution. (Workarounds are still valid, but name them honestly.)
Test 2 Can you describe it in one sentence without the word "app"? "An app that helps students" is not an idea. "A shared calendar that automatically syncs the bus timetable with the lecture schedule" is. If you need the word "app" to fill a gap in the description, the idea isn't formed yet.
Test 3 Would your real user from the Field Sprint recognize this as solving their problem? Think back to what they actually said. Would this idea address the specific friction they described? If yes — it's worth keeping.

Phase 4  ·  Output & Closing

Make your work
visible. Then pitch it.

The final phase is about communicating your thinking clearly and confidently. You'll turn everything from the day into a single deliverable, post it publicly, and be ready to pitch in 60 seconds with no warning.

⏱ 2:25 – 3:00 35 min
📄 Exercise materials for this phase
🖊
Completing your deliverable
The Wanted Poster

Your deliverable is a single visual artefact — the Wanted Poster — that captures your problem and your ideas. Fill it in using everything from today. It should be readable from across the room, clear without explanation, and honest.

Is the problem named in a way that makes someone say "I know exactly what that feels like"?
Does the poster show the root cause, not just the symptom?
Are your ideas specific enough that someone could picture what they'd actually look like?
🚶
Gallery walk & peer feedback
Read, react, vote

Walk around and read every team's poster. You each have 5 dot stickers — place them on the ideas you find most compelling. You can put multiple stickers on one poster if you believe in it strongly. Vote on the idea, not the presentation quality.

Does the problem feel real and specific?
Does the solution actually address the root cause?
Would you use this — or know someone who would?
🎤
The 60-second pitch
Be ready — anyone can be called

Random teams will be called to pitch. You won't know it's you until it happens. You have 60 seconds. Keep it to these four beats — nothing else.

1The problem — one sentence, who suffers and how
2Why it's deeper than it looks — your root cause
3Your best idea — name it and say why it works
4Stop. (60 seconds is up.)
🎯
What the audience is listening for Does the problem feel real? Is the idea connected to the root cause? Could you picture this existing in the world?
⚠️ Common mistake: leading with the solution instead of the problem. Start with who suffers and why — the idea lands much harder when the problem is already felt.
🔁
Wrap-up — Three reflection questions
Your facilitator will ask the class these at the end

The session closes with a short whole-class debrief. Think through your answers now so you're ready:

1 What surprised you most about your problem — once you drilled deeper, did it turn out to be something different from what you first thought?
2 Which idea surprised you — which one did you not expect to think of, and what unlocked it?
3 What would you need to know next — if you were going to test whether your best idea has legs, what's the first question you'd need to answer?
🎯
End of workshop You've gone from a vague complaint to a specific root cause, tested it against real people, and generated a set of ideas connected to that root. That's the full arc of problem identification and ideation — in 3 hours.

Your deliverable

The Wanted Poster

One sheet. Everything from today in one place. It's your evidence that you found something real.

WANTED
Solved or unsolved  ·  Open Print 06 ↗
WANTED (problem name)

Something vivid and specific — not a category

For crimes against

Who suffers and how severely

Accomplices (root causes)

What you found when you drilled deep

Last seen

Where and when this problem shows up

Suspects (ideas)

3–5 named ideas with a one-liner each

Reward

What changes if this problem disappears?